ETHICAL ISSUES IN DNA PROFILING AND DATABASE MAINTENANCE

DNA profiling has profoundly changed the way the criminal investigation took place. It came as a powerful tool to identify individuals, solve crimes, and reunite loved ones. Since its first use in a criminal case in 1986, DNA evidence has helped not only to convict the guilty but also to exonerate the innocent. However, the growing use of DNA technology has brought numerous challenges ranging from legal, ethical and privacy concerns particularly concerning data protection, informed consent, and the potential for misuse. Indian laws on use of DNA profiling have been fragmented as the existing legislation falls short of providing clear guidelines for the collection, storage, and use of DNA data. This paper explores the judicial decisions and critically analysing the existing legal framework regarding the evolution of DNA profiling in India its admissibility in the courtroom. This paper further explores the international framework and how India can benefit from the use of DNA technology while ensuring and the dignity and rights of its people and balancing the advancement of forensic science with the protection of fundamental rights.